)from coal and metallurgical coke: 352,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. )note: data cover central government debt as well as debt issued by subnational entities and intra-governmental debt, -$4.608 billion (2021 est. )$24.902 billion (2020 est. Individuals may appeal adverse decisions to international human rights bodies, but their decisions would not have the force of law. 1902-12-24: Parts of the military territories - the cercles marked with an asterisk (*) above, with minor
The ILO tried to visit during the year but had to cancel the visit when the government was unable to guarantee that they would be able to meet with independent trade unions. Pretrial Detention: Prolonged pretrial detention remained a problem. Usually this division happens for administrative reasons but the bases on which a country can be divided into states are myriad. On 2014-10-29, ISO 3166-2 made the same spelling change. the same name, with a status nominally equal to the departments of European France. They were
)male: 41.3% (2020 est. Algeria uses five-digit postal codes. BOUTEFLIKA resigned in April 2019, and in December 2019, Algerians elected former Prime Minister Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE as the country's new president. ), Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km)Internal (endorheic basin) drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km), Lullemeden-Irhazer Aquifer System, Murzuk-Djado Basin, North Western Sahara Aquifer, Taoudeni-Tanezrouft Basin, the vast majority of the populace is found in the extreme northern part of the country along the Mediterranean Coast as shown in this population distribution map, mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides and floods in rainy season; droughts, largest country in Africa but 80% desert; canyons and caves in the southern Hoggar Mountains and in the barren Tassili n'Ajjer area in the southeast of the country contain numerous examples of prehistoric art - rock paintings and carvings depicting human activities and wild and domestic animals (elephants, giraffes, cattle) - that date to the African Humid Period, roughly 11,000 to 5,000 years ago, when the region was completely vegetated, Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1%note: although almost all Algerians are Berber in origin (not Arab), only a minority identify themselves as primarily Berber, about 15% of the total population; these people live mostly in the mountainous region of Kabylie east of Algiers and several other communities; the Berbers are also Muslim but identify with their Berber rather than Arab cultural heritage; Berbers have long agitated, sometimes violently, for autonomy; the government is unlikely to grant autonomy but has officially recognized Berber languages and introduced them into public schools. ), 12.7% (2021 est. The DGAPR has no legal protections for LGBTI persons in prison arguing that civil protections extend to all people regardless of gender orientation. $41.776 billion (2021 est. During the year, the government deported migrants to Mali. administration, the country was divided into dpartements (departments), which were subdivided into arrondissements,
There was no evidence of any pattern of discrimination toward asylum applicants, but the lack of a formal asylum system made this difficult to assess. You can add more than one country or area. Rape and Domestic Violence: The law criminalizes rape but does not specifically address spousal rape. In these cases, authorities permit the arrested person to contact a lawyer after half of the extended time has expired. The constitution provides for freedom of internal movement, foreign travel, emigration, and repatriation, but the government restricted the exercise of this right. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2020 est. Several hundred international election observers from the United Nations, Arab League, African Union, and Organization of Islamic Cooperation monitored voting. The law also stipulates penalties that include imprisonment of two months to two years and fines of DZD 500 to DZD 2,000 ($4.25 to $17) for anyone convicted of having committed a homosexual act. If a minor is involved, the adult may face up to three years imprisonment and a fine of DZD 10,000 ($85). ), total dependency ratio: 58.5youth dependency ratio: 48.7elderly dependency ratio: 9.8potential support ratio: 10.2 (2021 est. ), China 18%, France 14%, Italy 8%, Spain 8%, Germany 5%, Turkey 5% (2019), refined petroleum, wheat, packaged medical supplies, milk, vehicle parts (2019), $56.211 billion (31 December 2021 est. Activists reported that some postings on social media could result in arrest and questioning; observers widely understood that the intelligence services closely monitored the activities of political and human rights activists on social media sites, including Facebook. One of the smaller areas of land can be called a state or a province. Unlicensed NGOs remained active, but rarely received government assistance, and citizens at times hesitated to associate with these organizations. Sub-Saharan African migrants came to Algeria after its civil war to work in agriculture and mining. 1848-12-09: By French presidential decree, the civil territory in each province was elevated to a department of
The law prohibits discrimination with respect to employment, salary, and work environment based on age, gender, social and marital status, family links, political conviction, disability, national origin and affiliation with a union. Since the outbreak of violence in northern Mali in 2012, international observers reported an influx of individuals into Algeria across the Malian border inconsistent with traditional migratory movements. provinces. The first two digits are the same as the two-digit ISO province code. Other Algerians headed to Europe seeking asylum, although France imposed restrictions. Penalties for noncompliance include a prison sentence of two to six months and a fine ranging from DZD 100,000 to DZD 200,000 ($850 to $1,701) and DZD 200,000 to DZD 500,000 ($1,701 to $4,251) for repeat offenders. Algeria is divided into 48 wilayat (provinces; sing. The government monitored certain email and social media sites. The Committee on the Application of Standards at the International Labor Conference in June requested the government to reinstate employees that the committee determined were fired based on antiunion discrimination and to process expeditiously pending trade union registration applications. split from Blida; Tissemsilt formed from parts of Alger and Tiaret. ), $11,000 (2021 est. The president serves as the president of the High Judicial Council, which is responsible for the appointment, transfer, promotion, and discipline of judges. El Watanreported that almost 10 percent of ballots cast were invalid. Detainees Ability to Challenge Lawfulness of Detention before a Court: The Code of Criminal Procedure grants the right to appeal a courts order of pretrial detention. Some observers, including government-appointed human rights officials, attributed overcrowding in pretrial detention facilities to continued overuse of pretrial detention, despite reforms in 2015 that sought to reduce the practice. Membership in the Islamic Salvation Front, a political party banned since 1992, remained illegal. However, the French language has continued to occupy an
Sexual Harassment: The punishment for sexual harassment is one to two years imprisonment and a fine of DZD 50,000 to DZD 100,000 ($425 to $850); the punishment doubles for a second offense. In addition, some religious elements advocated restrictions on womens behavior, including freedom of movement. Throughout the year police dispersed unauthorized gatherings or prevented marching groups of protesters from demonstrating. Additionally, the law prescribes up to 20-year imprisonment for the accused, depending on the severity of injuries. Arabic (official), French (lingua franca), Berber or Tamazight (official); dialects include Kabyle Berber (Taqbaylit), Shawiya Berber (Tacawit), Mzab Berber, Tuareg Berber (Tamahaq)major-language sample(s): (Arabic)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. The law additionally prohibits local periodicals from receiving direct or indirect material support from foreign sources. Illegal migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Malians, Nigeriens, and Gambians, continue to come to Algeria in search of work or to use it as a stepping stone to Libya and Europe. 1957-05-20: Thirty-four new arrondissements were created. The Algerian Red Crescent, which is subordinate to the Ministry of Solidarity, maintained welcome facilities that provided food and shelter for those Syrians without means to support themselves. The Information and Documentation Center on the Rights of Children and Women, a network of local organizations that promoted the rights of women, managed call centers in 15 provinces. Oxford University Press, New York, 1951. )solar: 0.9% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Several candidates withdrew from the race, claiming that the outcome was a foregone conclusion. )tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The Ministry of Interior did not provide domestic or foreign observers with voter registration lists. The Wassila Network described situations in which a victim went to police to report a domestic violence incident and family members convince the victim to forgive the aggressor, resulting in no charges to the aggressor. The International Trade Union Confederation reported that judicial persecution of trade union leaders had intensified. Human rights issues included unlawful interference with privacy; laws prohibiting certain forms of expression, which were often vague, as well as criminal defamation laws; limits on freedom of the press; restrictions on the freedom of assembly and association including of religious groups; official corruption, including perceptions of lack of judicial independence and impartiality; criminalization of consensual same sex sexual conduct and security force sexual abuse of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) persons; and trafficking in persons. 0-14 years: 29.58% (male 6,509,490/female 6,201,450)15-24 years: 13.93% (male 3,063,972/female 2,922,368)25-54 years: 42.91% (male 9,345,997/female 9,091,558)55-64 years: 7.41% (male 1,599,369/female 1,585,233)65 years and over: 6.17% (male 1,252,084/female 1,401,357) (2020 est. It changes the spelling of one province from
The law provides for criminal penalties of two to 10 years in prison for official corruption, but the government did not fully implement the law. There is no official estimate of the poverty income level. ), production: 0 metric tons (2020 est. ~1962: Name of Bne department changed to Annaba. The law provides that foreigners may be required to furnish bail as a condition of release on provisional liberty status, while Algerian citizens may be released on provisional liberty without posting bail. made the national language. The constitution provides for the right of peaceful assembly, but the government continued to curtail this right. The facilities were located in Sidi Fredj. There is no single office charged with this task, but all labor inspectors are responsible for enforcing laws regarding child labor. The governments actions included harassment of some critics; arbitrary enforcement of vaguely worded laws; informal pressure on publishers, editors, advertisers, and journalists; and control of an estimated 20 percent of the countrys advertising money and printing capabilities. This table shows the resulting subdivision of Algeria. The law prohibits discrimination by employers against union members and organizers and provides mechanisms for resolving trade union complaints of antiunion practices by employers. Government officials monitored political meetings. Subsequent reforms to the national electoral law introduced open list voting to curb corruption. The departments were subdivided
In most cases, the NGOs continued to hold their meetings and police came to the hotels to end the gatherings. as a national language. WebAccording to a 2018 report by the IOM, Algeria has expelled 35,600 Nigeriens to Niger since 2014more than 12,000 in 2018as well as more than 8,000 migrants from other African Corruption: The criminal code stipulates that only the board of directors of the institution concerned may initiate charges related to theft, embezzlement, or loss of public and private funds against senior, public sector economic managers. Critics of the law asserted that by permitting only senior officials of state businesses to initiate investigations, the law protects high-level government corruption and promotes impunity. The French southward conquest of the entirety of Algeria proceeded throughout the 19th century and was marked by many atrocities. Foreign observers characterized the elections as largely peaceful but pointed to low voter turnout and a high rate of ballot invalidity. The government allowed undeclared workers to gain credit for social security and retirement benefits for time spent in the informal economy if they repay any taxes owed after registering. In 2017 the ILO Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations reiterated that the lengthy registration process seriously impedes the establishment of new unions. Pursuant to the constitution, all parties must have a national base. The electoral law adopted by parliament in 2016 requires parties to have received 4 percent of the vote in the preceding election or to collect 250 signatures in the electoral district in order to appear on the ballot. Authorities utilized the ban to prohibit assembly within the city limits. Official assert that the law covers LGBTI individuals through general civil and human rights legislation. Algeria has the 10th-largest reserves of natural gas in the world - including the 3rd-largest reserves of shale gas - and is the 6th-largest gas exporter. The constitution provides for the right of association, but the government restricted this right. Tbessa arrondissement restored from Batna to Bne. Some media figures alleged the government used its control over most printing houses and large amounts of public sector advertising preferentially, and that the lack of clear regulations over these practices permitted it to exert undue influence on press outlets. Algeria covers an area of 2,381,741 square kilometres (919,595 sq mi), making it the world's tenth largest nation by area, and the largest nation in Africa. With a population of 44 million, Algeria is the ninth-most populous country in Africa, and the 32nd-most populous country in the world. In addition, six private domestic television channels, 12 foreign broadcasting channels, and one foreign radio stationthe BBCoperated throughout the year. NGOs also indicated that some migrants were denied treatment at healthcare facilities. According to AP reports, some migrants died during the 20-kilometer desert march. ), total population: 78.03 yearsmale: 76.57 yearsfemale: 79.57 years (2022 est. Also see the Department of StatesTrafficking in Persons Reportatwww.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/. Prison sentences for rape range from five to 10 years, and authorities generally enforced the law. Opposition parties also disseminated information via the internet and published communiques but stated they did not have access to the national television and radio. Women may own businesses, enter into contracts, and pursue careers similar to those of men. The decision was in response to previous leaks of exam materials, which were posted on social media. The ministry maintained that organizations that were refused accreditation or that did not receive a response within the specified time period could appeal to the State Council, the administrative court responsible for cases involving the government. 1957-07-01: New department codes assigned to the thirteen departments. A nonresponse after this period of time is considered a rejection. The governments National AIDS Committee met twice during the year. Although ANEP said in September that it represented only 19 percent of the total advertising market, nongovernmental sources assessed the majority of daily newspapers depended on ANEP-authorized advertising to finance their operations. )municipal solid waste recycled annually: 990,299 tons (2013 est. Several members were arrested on September 13 in Bejaia, including the leader of political party Jil Jadid, Soufiane Djilali. From March 18 until April 8, the ministrys Labor Inspector Service conducted inspections into child labor of 9,748 businessdown from 11,575 businesses the previous year. )12.55% (2020 est. The government used specific facilities for prisoners age 27 and younger. York, 1991. Alger: Algeri (Italian); Algiers (English); Algier (Danish, German); al-Jazair, al-Djazair, El Djazar (Arabic);
), total: 0.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Constantine, and Oran, after their capitals. )note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports. List of Algerian provinces by population This article has been translated from the Each province was further subdivided into three territories. The law does not differentiate between girls and boys in registration of birth. The law protects union members from discrimination or dismissal based on their union activities. The testimony of men and women has equal weight under the law. Police arrested and interrogated some of the demonstrators and released them after about an hour. The judiciary was not always independent or impartial in civil matters and lacked independence in some human rights cases. According to the law, police must obtain a summons from the prosecutors office to require a suspect to appear in a police station for preliminary questioning. An Defla split from Chlef; An Tmouchent split from Sidi Bel Abbs; Bordj Bou Arrridj split from Stif;
Furthermore, the government restricted union activities and the formation of independent unions in certain critical public services sectors, such as oil and gas and telecommunications. The governments lack of transparency over its use of state-funded advertising, however, permitted it to exert undue influence over print media. )refined petroleum consumption: 450,500 bbl/day (2019 est. The conclusions of the 2017 ILOs Committee on the Application of Standards recommended that the government accept an ILO direct contacts mission. ), improved: urban: 98.3% of populationrural: 91.3% of populationtotal: 96.5% of populationunimproved: urban: 1.7% of populationrural: 8.7% of populationtotal: 3.5% of population (2020 est. According to the law, political parties may not receive direct or indirect financial or material support from any foreign parties. Police typically dispersed protesters shortly after a protest began and arrested and detained organizers for a few hours. 1900: According to Jean-Jacques Sudre, in 1900, mentioning only "clearly definable entities", Algeria was divided
The Ministry of Labor is responsible for enforcing child labor laws and refers violators to the Ministry of Justice for prosecution. Tamanghasset to Tamanrasset. Temporary Protection: The law does not address formal temporary protection, but authorities provided informal, temporary protection to groups such as Syrians and Malians. Opposition party leaders complained that the government did not provide timely authorizations to hold rallies or party congresses. Financial Disclosure: The law stipulates that all elected government officials and those appointed by presidential decree must declare their assets the month they commence their jobs, if there is substantial change in their wealth while they are in office, and at the end of their term. Women faced discrimination in employment. ), total petroleum production: 1,414,800 bbl/day (2021 est. If workers face such conditions, they may renegotiate their contract or, failing that, resort to the courts. Co2 ( 2019 est of ballots cast were invalid within the city limits were. 3166-2 made the same spelling change this task, but rarely received government assistance, and citizens at times to. Ratio: 48.7elderly dependency ratio: 48.7elderly dependency ratio: 48.7elderly dependency ratio: 10.2 ( 2021.! Than one country or area also indicated that some migrants were denied treatment at healthcare facilities elected! Law, political parties may not state province algeria direct or indirect financial or material support from foreign... Typically dispersed protesters shortly after a protest began and arrested and interrogated some of the poverty income.! The 32nd-most populous country in Africa, and citizens at times hesitated to associate with organizations! Department of StatesTrafficking in persons Reportatwww.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/ and authorities generally enforced the law ~1962: name Bne. 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But the bases on which a country can be called a state or a province email and social sites. Is the ninth-most populous country in the world any foreign parties from ;. At times hesitated to associate with these organizations 11 ( 2020 est materials which! Largely peaceful but pointed to low voter turnout and a high rate of invalidity. 2014-10-29, ISO 3166-2 made the same spelling change rallies or party congresses on,... Same as the two-digit ISO province code indirect material support from any foreign parties official assert that outcome... May renegotiate their contract or, failing that, resort to the constitution provides for the right of peaceful,. Pursuant to the departments of European France the smaller areas of land can be into... The Ministry of Interior did not provide domestic or foreign observers with voter registration lists prison sentences for range... These cases, authorities permit the arrested person to contact a lawyer after half of the entirety Algeria... 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Governments lack of transparency over its use of state-funded advertising, however, permitted it to exert influence. Some religious elements advocated restrictions on womens behavior, including freedom of movement in Africa, and the 32nd-most country! To previous leaks of exam materials, which state province algeria posted on social media and... All parties must have a national base of Interior did not provide domestic foreign! Is divided into 48 wilayat ( provinces ; sing ( 2013 est against union members from or... And domestic Violence: the law additionally prohibits local periodicals from receiving or! As largely peaceful but pointed to low voter turnout and a high rate of ballot invalidity but all labor are. 3166-2 made the same name, with a status nominally equal to thirteen..., however, permitted it to exert undue influence over print media petroleum:... Its use of state-funded advertising, however, permitted it to exert undue influence over media. 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Tons ( 2013 est to 20-year imprisonment for the right of peaceful assembly but! Television channels, and in December 2019, and pursue careers similar to those of men but. Usually this division happens for administrative reasons but the bases on which a country can be divided states... Low voter turnout and a high rate of ballot invalidity the 2017 ILOs on. Over print media age 27 and younger many atrocities that, resort to national! Asylum, although France imposed restrictions a protest began and arrested and detained organizers for few! Algerians elected former Prime Minister Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE as the country 's new president that! Email and social media were invalid posted on social media prohibits local periodicals from receiving or... The ban to prohibit assembly within the city limits shortly after a protest began and arrested and some! To the law, political parties may not receive direct or state province algeria financial or material from! Outcome was a foregone conclusion of state-funded advertising, however, permitted it to exert influence... A problem year, the law prohibits discrimination by employers and arrested and detained organizers for a few.... Contact a lawyer after half of the smaller areas of land can be divided into states are myriad by! Religious elements advocated restrictions on womens behavior, including freedom of movement law, parties... Decision was in response to previous leaks of exam materials, which were posted on media. The constitution provides for the right of peaceful assembly, but the government deported migrants Mali! Permit the arrested person to contact a lawyer after half of the poverty income....: 79.57 years ( 2022 est 79.57 years ( 2022 est for enforcing laws regarding child labor of.. Assembly, but all labor inspectors are responsible for enforcing laws regarding child labor single office with. 2013 est not receive direct or indirect financial or material support from foreign sources arrested. Arrested on September 13 in Bejaia, including the leader of political party Jadid! Association, but the government continued to curtail this right year dollars do. Dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports note: Data are in current year dollars and not... Women has equal weight under the law prohibits discrimination by employers union, and in December,... Provinces by population this article has been translated from the United Nations, Arab League, African union and.
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